Bentonite is a naturally occurring clay composed primarily of montmorillonite, a mineral that has a unique ability to absorb water and expand in volume. This highly absorbent and versatile material is known for its excellent swelling properties, making it ideal for a wide range of industrial and commercial applications. One of its key features is its ability to form thick, gel-like suspensions when mixed with water, which is why it is commonly used in drilling fluids for oil and gas exploration. In these applications, bentonite helps to cool and lubricate drill bits, remove debris, and stabilize the borehole.
In addition to its use in drilling, bentonite is widely employed in the foundry industry, where it is used as a binding agent in molding sands for metal casting. Its ability to withstand high temperatures and provide excellent mold strength makes it an essential material in this field. Bentonite is also used in environmental applications, such as in sealing landfills and constructing ponds, due to its ability to form impermeable barriers that prevent water leakage.
Moreover, bentonite is utilized in agriculture, cosmetics, and pet care products due to its natural absorbent and detoxifying properties. It is non-toxic and environmentally friendly, making it a valuable material across many industries.
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L'argile bentonite est une argile minérale naturelle dont la montmorillonite est le principal composant. Elle présente d'excellentes propriétés de cohésion, d'expansion, d'adsorption, de plasticité, de dispersion, de lubrification et d'échange cationique. Après échange avec une autre base, notamment une base de lithium, elle présente une excellente capacité de suspension. Après acidification, elle présente une excellente capacité de décoloration. Elle peut donc être utilisée comme liant, agent de suspension, adsorbant, agent de décoloration, plastifiant, catalyseur, agent nettoyant, désinfectant, épaississant, détergent, agent de lavage, charge, agent de renforcement, etc. Sa composition chimique est relativement stable, ce qui lui vaut d'être surnommée « pierre universelle ». L'argile cosmétique est utilisée uniquement pour les propriétés blanchissantes et épaississantes de la bentonite.
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